Reducing emissions at English airports
In 2023, Mott MacDonald’s report Zero Emissions English Airports: Target Further Analysis, produced for the Department for Transport, explored the commercial feasibility of decarbonising airport operations across England. The analysis moved beyond technical readiness to focus on the real-world investment and policy challenges that will shape the sector’s journey to zero.
The commercial hurdle
While the technology to decarbonise ground-based airport operations, such as electric vehicles, heat pumps, and battery-powered ground support, is largely available or within reach by 2040, the real hurdle is commercial. Airports face significant uncertainty around the costs, timing, and financing of the asset upgrades and infrastructure required. Fragmented responsibilities and inconsistent emissions reporting further complicate the picture, making it difficult for airports to plan and prioritise action.
The cost of action, and opportunity
Analysis shows that more than half of emissions reductions could be achieved at close to zero net cost. Some of these reductions will be contingent on a capital programme of asset replacements requiring high expenditure up front. Electrification is the fastest route to progress, with switching to electric vehicles, electrifying heating, and battery-powered ground support for aircraft also offering immediate and proven pathways to cut emissions.
Data, accountability and the role of policy
Data and accountability matter. Inconsistent reporting and split responsibilities between airport operators and third parties make it hard to track progress and allocate costs. A unified, whole-airport approach to emissions measurement and accountability is essential. Policy support is also critical. To unlock investment and avoid market distortions, government action is needed.
Turning ambition into reality
Decarbonising airport operations by 2040 is commercially feasible for much of the sector, but it won’t happen by accident. It will require coordinated action, smart policy, and a willingness to invest for the long term. Airports, government, and industry partners must work together to turn ambition into reality.
Download the full Zero Emissions English Airports: Target Further Analysis report to explore in more detail our modelling and findings.
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